We can control our vehicle while driving – thanks to the friction or grip produced by the contact between the rubber and the surface of the road. This control is threatened by several factors to consider, such as the condition and design of the road, the condition of the tires, speed, dirt on the pavement, or the presence of a liquid on the road e.g. rain.
When it rains, a layer of water is formed on the road which is called water film. This water film prevents the tires from touching floor and can cause the vehicle to slide and lose control. This is known as hydroplaning or aquaplaning.
To prevent this condition from affecting your driving, tire manufacturers design treads, commonly known as rain grooves, which help displace the water while driving and improve the grip. A bald or poorly inflated tire increases the probability of hydroplaning occurring. Additionally, good road design and its adequate maintenance reduce the risk of losing control when it rains.
Good pumping and drainage will prevent rain from accumulating. To determine the speed limits, the wet pavement and slopes are taken into account, therefore, one should not exceed these limits.
Did you know that when it just starts raining, the risk of hydroplaning increases? Lubricants, dirt, sand and other residues accumulated on the pavement reduce adherence. When that first rain falls, these residues mix with the water, and the surface becomes slipperier. As a defensive driver, you should know to reduce speed when it starts to rain, and keep a large distance between your vehicle and the one in front, always avoiding sudden braking.
If you are in a situation in which your vehicle hydroplanes, avoid sudden braking. This can drive you off the road or invade the opposite lane. Try to remain calm, take your foot off the accelerator, and take the wheel firmly, maintaining control over the vehicle and letting it reduce speed until adhering to the road once again.
